英语四级阅读理解练习及答案详解
Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.
[A]skill
[B]popular
[C]get
[D]change
[E]similarly
[F]professional
[G]character
[H]individuality
[I]inspire
[J]differently
[K]expect
[L]practical
[M]recall
[N]lose
[O]ordinary
1.选B)。从文章的第一句they love and respect few thins more than a uniform他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服，说明了制服在美国很受欢迎。因此选项B)popular符合原文意思。选项中的professional职业的、practical实用的和ordinary普通的，平常的都不符合第一段的意思。
2.选F)。此处应填形容词。从more...than civilian clothes可知，此处要填的形容词意思与civilian相对，说明制服的特点。选项中的形容词中只有professional职业的和civilian相对的，故F)正确。而pratical实用的和ordinary平常的意思都不能和civilian对应，故排除。
3.选K)。由be conditioned to do sth.习惯于可知，此处应填动词原形。从前面的look more看起来更...和后面的tend to倾向于可知，这段要说明的是人们的主观印象，应填入表示期望的单词，只有K)expect符合原文语气。选项中get得到与上下文的语气不符合。
4.选I)。此处应填动词原形。从原文中人们习惯...从穿制服的人那儿得到优质服务。可知，人们更信任穿制服的人，即制服能使人产生信任感。选项中的动词原形中只有inspire使产生符合文章。
5.选A)。此处应填名词。前面两句表达了人们对穿制服的人更加信任的意思，那么对于garage mechanic汽车修理工来说，人们信任的是它的技术，而不是人品，故选项中只有A)skill符合原文意思。
6.选N)。此处应填动词。...step out of uniform脱掉制服是对护士、警察等来说是......职业身份的很简单的方式。脱下制服就是失去了职业身份，由此可以推知此处应填N)lose。
7.选L)。此处应填形容词，说明制服的其他有点。从下文...节省购买其他衣服的开销，节省洗衣费用，比便服更舒适也更耐穿可知，制服除了增加信任感还有实际的优点。选项中的pratical实用的和ordinary平常的，很明显L)pratical符合原文意思。
8.选H)。此处应填名词。文章手段就说美国人为自己的多元化和个性化感到高傲无比，然而他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服，其中包含制服使他们失去自己的个性的意思，那么联系第一段，此处指出的制服的缺点即为失去个性，故选项H)individuality正确。individuality强调与他人特点的区别，而character指的是个人特定的内在本质。
9.选D)。此处应填名词。前面说制服让人失去了个性，虽然有很多种制服，但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服，所有是没有变化的，故此处应填change，故D)正确。
10.选E)。此处应填副词，修饰动词act。前面指出...look alike,they tend to...，说明此处填的词和alike意思相近。选项种副词有similarly和differently，很明显，E)similarly与alike意思相近，故选E)。
Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.
[A]skill
[B]popular
[C]get
[D]change
[E]similarly
[F]professional
[G]character
[H]individuality
[I]inspire
[J]differently
[K]expect
[L]practical
[M]recall
[N]lose
[O]ordinary
1.选B)。从文章的第一句they love and respect few thins more than a uniform他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服，说明了制服在美国很受欢迎。因此选项B)popular符合原文意思。选项中的professional职业的、practical实用的和ordinary普通的，平常的都不符合第一段的意思。
2.选F)。此处应填形容词。从more...than civilian clothes可知，此处要填的形容词意思与civilian相对，说明制服的特点。选项中的形容词中只有professional职业的和civilian相对的，故F)正确。而pratical实用的和ordinary平常的意思都不能和civilian对应，故排除。
3.选K)。由be conditioned to do sth.习惯于可知，此处应填动词原形。从前面的look more看起来更...和后面的tend to倾向于可知，这段要说明的是人们的主观印象，应填入表示期望的单词，只有K)expect符合原文语气。选项中get得到与上下文的语气不符合。
4.选I)。此处应填动词原形。从原文中人们习惯...从穿制服的人那儿得到优质服务。可知，人们更信任穿制服的人，即制服能使人产生信任感。选项中的动词原形中只有inspire使产生符合文章。
5.选A)。此处应填名词。前面两句表达了人们对穿制服的人更加信任的意思，那么对于garage mechanic汽车修理工来说，人们信任的是它的技术，而不是人品，故选项中只有A)skill符合原文意思。
6.选N)。此处应填动词。...step out of uniform脱掉制服是对护士、警察等来说是......职业身份的很简单的方式。脱下制服就是失去了职业身份，由此可以推知此处应填N)lose。
7.选L)。此处应填形容词，说明制服的其他有点。从下文...节省购买其他衣服的开销，节省洗衣费用，比便服更舒适也更耐穿可知，制服除了增加信任感还有实际的优点。选项中的pratical实用的和ordinary平常的，很明显L)pratical符合原文意思。
8.选H)。此处应填名词。文章手段就说美国人为自己的多元化和个性化感到高傲无比，然而他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服，其中包含制服使他们失去自己的个性的意思，那么联系第一段，此处指出的制服的缺点即为失去个性，故选项H)individuality正确。individuality强调与他人特点的区别，而character指的是个人特定的内在本质。
9.选D)。此处应填名词。前面说制服让人失去了个性，虽然有很多种制服，但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服，所有是没有变化的，故此处应填change，故D)正确。
10.选E)。此处应填副词，修饰动词act。前面指出...look alike,they tend to...，说明此处填的词和alike意思相近。选项种副词有similarly和differently，很明显，E)similarly与alike意思相近，故选E)。
